moeeis guilds



(No Model.)

' J. M. CHILDS.

A HARROW.

N0. 358,839. Patented Mar. 8, 1887.

We BY v @e e e@ AH/IIEY IINiTen STATES PATENT Ormea,

J. MORRIS CHILDS, OF UTIGA, NEV YORK.

.HARROW.

f SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 358,839, dated March8, 18B?.

Application filed December 11, 1886. Serial No. 221,5261. (Noinorlel.)

ImprovementsA in Harrows; and I do -hereby declare that the following isa full, clear, and exact description of the invention, which will enableothers skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use thesame, reference lo being had to the accompanying drawings, and

to the letters of reference marked thereon, which form part of thisspecification.

My invention relates to an improvement in harrows; and it consists inthe mechanism hereinafter more fully pointed out and claimed.

In the accompanying drawings, Figurel represents a top or plan view ofmy improved harrow. Fig. 2 represents a side view of a curvedspringtooth and a section of the frame.

:zo Fig. 3 represents a cross-section of a metallic angle draft-barforming a part of the frame.

Heretofore trouble has been encountered in protecting the lower surfaceof the harrowframe from wear. This I overcome by provid'- ing metallicangle draft-bars on which are mounted cross-bars, forming a durable andreliable harrow-frame.

Trouble has been encountered heretofore in using curved spring-teethharrows on soft or o sandy land where the frame is constructed of woodin such manner as to leave the lower surface of the frame substantiallyeven, as the teeth work intothe loose soil,the under side of thebarrow-frame is brought into contact with i 3 5 the earth, which isforced up through the frame,

greatly increasing the draft and decreasing the usefulness of theharrow.This trouble is overcome in my construction of a barrow-frame by usingangle draft-bars formed of angle-iron,

4o one angle projecting downward,with the crossbeams resting on theother angle, thereby forming a downward -projecting surface on eachdraft-bar which allows the free earth to pass between the draft-barsunder the cross-bars of the frame,thus overcoming entirely the troubleheretofore encountered in this class of harrows.

I attain the several beneficial results, with others not heretoforementionechby forming the frame of the harrow preferably in sections a a,

5o joined at the center by rod and nut l, passing through the bent,perforated, and overlapping ends of the draft-bars,2 2, which are formedof metal, with an angle, as hereinafter more fully described. By thisconstruction I form a cheap and durable hinge in the center of theframe, which enables the harrow to conform with the uneven surface ofthe ground and to facilitate its work.

I construct the frame of myimproved harrow by providing metallic angledraft ,bars 3 3, formed with substantially a right-anglebendincross-section, although in practice I prefer the metallic angledraft-bars to be formed with an acute angle, 4 in cross-section, as thisform of construction inclines the downward-projecting angle backward,enabling the frame to pass obstructions with greater facility, althougha right-angle bend, as shown in Fig. 3, works substantially as well,although the frame will not pass an obstruction as easily whenconstructed of this form of angle-iron.

I mount on the upper surface of the angle draftebars cross-bars 5 5,preferably of wood, the under surface of the cross-bars resting on oneof the surfaces of the metallic angle draftbars, as shown in Fig. 2.This construction practically forms runners projecting below thecross-beams, which are consequently elevated in such manner as to allowthe free earth to pass between the metallic angle draft-bars under thecross-beams, thus freeing theharrow in light soil from a tendency toclog.

Another important feature of this construe tion consists in protectingthe heads of bolts 6 6 from wear.

Theangle draft-bars are perforated,as shown in Fig. 2, for receivingbolts each side of the crossbars, on which cross-barsI mount springcurved tooth 7 which is bent forward, upward, rearward, and downward,point 8 falling below the lower surfaces of the angle draft-bars in theframe. These teeth are placed on the upper surface of the crossloars.The inner cirf cle of the tooth is engaged by clip 9, having lprojecting ears l0 10 l() 10, which engage the outer edges of the tooth,thereby preventing the same from turning. This clip is provided withperforated ears l1 11, through which the bolts pass. By means of thisconstruction the angle draft-bars, the crossfbeams, and spring- I OOteeth are rigidly held in contact by bolts and nuts 6 6. I do not,however, intend to limit myself to the use of this particular clip orparticular means of holding the curved spring teeth to the frame, as itis quite obvious that any other form of holding the teeth to the framemay be used; nor do I intend to limit myself by the location of thebolts for holding the draft-bars, cross-bars, and teeth in rigid contactwith each other, as a variety of changes can be made in this respectwithout departing from the spirit of my invention.

I preferably attach whifiietrees and evener to the harrow by means ofdraftlstraps 13 13, attached to the ha1'row-franie. This form ofconnection is in common use, on which no particular cla-ini is l'nade.

What I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent7 is- Thecombination ofthe angle draft-bars, the cross-bars mounted on one angleof the draftbars, the other angle of the .draft -bars projectingdownward, the curved spring -tooth mounted on the frame, and means forrigidly holding the angle draft-bars, the cross-beams, and the curvedspring-teeth in rigid contact, substantially as set forth, for thepurposes stated.

In witness whereof I have affixed my signature in presence of twowitnesses.

J. MORRIS CHILDS. VitnesSes:

EDWIN II. ItIsLnY7 D. MoGUcKEN.

